Hydrocarbon-burner.



M. & L. P l-:Ecw HYDBOCARBON BURNER.

i (Application led Feb. 15, 1,902.) f (nu model.) 2 sheets-Sheet 2.

Patented necfls, |902.V

YH: Nanms PETERS co4, PHoTau'mu, wAsmNnTuN, n. c.

EUNrrED l mafrEs JoHN M. BEECH, or CINCINNATI, AND LUKE P. BEECH, CE NoEwooD, oHIo.

HYoaoCAReoN-BURNER.

vPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 716,174, dated December 16, 1902.

' Applicants flied February i5, 19ml sesamo. 94,254. (Nomaden To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, JOHN- M. BEECH, a resident of Cincinnati, and LUKE l?. BEECH, a resident of Norwood, in thecounty of Hamilton and State of Ohio, citizens of the United States of America, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hydrocarbon-- Burners, of which thefollowing is a specification.

This invention relates to certain improve.

ments in hydrocarbon-burners such as are especially designed for use in burning fueloils, and the object of the invention is, in part, to provide a burner of this'character of an improved and simplified construction adapted for substantially perfect combustion of heavy and crude fuel-oils-as crude petroleum, for example-andin partto adapt such a burner for use in a heater.

The invention consists in certain novel features of the construction, combination, and` arrangement of the several parts of the improved burner whereby certain important advantages are attained and the device is rendered simpler andl cheaperand l is otherwise better adapted and made more convenient for use, all as will be hereinafter fully set forth.

The novel features of the invention will be l carefully deined in the claims.

In the accom panyingdrawings, which serve `to illustrate the invention, Figure 1 is an axial section taken through a warm-air heater provided with a burner constructed according to our invention,` and Fig. 2 is atransverse section taken'through the fire-pot of the heater in the plane indicated bythe line a a,

ing detached the lower part or section of the spreader or delector. Fig. 6 is an enlarged sectional detail View showing certain details of construction ot the overflow device to be hereinafter` referred to.

As shown in the views, the heater is constructed with acylindrical shell l, the lower 4 on a base-ring 2 and the upper edge of which supports a perforated cap 3, having openings 5 in it for the free upward passage of heated air from within the shell. The base-ring2 is constructed with a central circular bottom plate or table .6, hav-ing a raised edge flange 47` and supported at the rear of the shell by braces 4E il, extended across the space between the iiange '7 and shell l, said space (indicated at 10 on the drawings) being open for the entry of air from below into the shell to be warmed. The table 6 has a depressed central .portion 8, which is extended forwardly across the space 10 at the front of the shell, said shell having at its front a door-plate 13a, on which are held doors 13 13, by means of which access may be had to the burner within the shell.

9indicates a semicylindrical part formed, by preference, from sheet metal and arranged concentrically within the shell 1, the front portion of said part 9 being open in line with the doors 13, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, and the lower edge thereof being supported outside of the flange 7 upon an annular ange or ledge upon the table 6. The space 10 is continued up between the shell and part 9, so as to produce an annular air-flue for the upward passage of air to `be warmed within the shell.

At the front of the heater and at opposite `sides of the doors 13 are erected two similar plates ll l1, the lower ends of which rest upon table 6 and are held against outward movement by spaced lugs or projections 6a thereon. These plates are similar in form and extend across the space l0 from the table 6 to the top of the part 9, Where they are held together by a crown-piece 12, extended between them and secured in place by screws or otherwise. Each plate 11 has a rear fiange 11a produced upon it, and this flange takes outside of one vertical edgeportionof the part 9, holding the same securelyin place against the flange 7 of table 6, and at the front edge of each such plate 1l is produced another flange 1lb, which takes against the inner face of the shell 1 along one edge of the opening produced in said shell at the door-plate 13a, so that the edges of said shell at said opening are securely held between said flanges `edge of which ts outside of a'raised liange and the door-plate, as shown in Figs.` 2 and 3.

IOO

At the top of the part 9 is arranged an annular part or ring 15, of L shape in cross-section, on which is supported a top plate 16, which closes the upper part of the space 14, inclosed within said part 9, so that the gases from the combustion of the fuel or the odors from the crude oil may-not escape and be mingled with the air being warmed within the air-flue 10 of the shell 1. Another annular part or ring 17, of L Shape in 'cross-section, is extended around theinner wall of the part 9 at the central part thereof, and on this part 17 is supported a diaphragm 18, which is extended across the space 14 within the part 9 and forms above it a fire-pot 19,within which the combustion of the fuel is effected. The ring or part 17 is cut away at its front portion opposite the doors 13 to permit the removal of the diaphragrmwhich is looselysupported on said ring, and the diaphragm has a forward extension 18,extended out between the plates 11 and rested at its front edge upon a bridge-piece 13b upon the door-plate 13. The re-pot 19 thus produced has a smokeoutlet 20, extended across the flue 10, outside the shell 1, and adapted to receive a stovepipe for connection with a ['lue in a wellknown way.

. The diaphragm 13 has a depressed central portion 21, formed with a central opening,

through which is extended downwardly,\vith' in the space 14 and below the diaphragm, a

draft-tube 22, of cylindrical form, provided' with closely-adjacent perforations in its walls and formed, by preference, from sheet metal bent into shape and riveted along its edges for the sake of lightness and cheapness. The lower end of this draft-tubeis arranged within the open top of a fuel cup or receptacle 24, also of circular form, the interior cavity of whichis of greater diameter than the lower end of the draft-tube, so that an annular airpassage is provided around the lower end of the draft-tube for the entry of air for the combustion of the liquid fuel contained within the cup or receptacle. To hold the lower end of the draft-tube central within the cup or receptacle, said end is provided with outward projections 22, taking inside the cup or receptacle, as shown in Fig. 3. Fuel is supplied to the cup or receptacle 24 by way of a fuel-supply pipe 25, extended back beneath the rear part of the table 6 and having connection with an overflow device 27, arranged in the air-flue 10. Beyond this overiiow device the fuel-supply pipe is extended rearwardly and isbent up outside shell l and has connection at its upper end with an elevated supply tank or reservoir 26 for containing a supply of fuel-oil. The construction of the overow device 27 is shown in detail in Figs. 1 and 6. This device has a downwardlydirected arm or branch provided with a fuelpassage the highest point in the floor of which is above the point of connection of the pipe 25 with said device 27, so that fuel may flow into thecup or receptacle 24 from said pipe `in the cup or receptacle 24 rises above a predetermined level the surplus fuel lwill escape through the passage of the downwardly-directed arm of the overflow device and will be discharged through the nipple 28into the overflow tank or reservoir, from which it may be poured back from time to time into the fueltank 26, so that waste of the fuel is prevented.

The diaphragm 1S is formed with `three equidistant openings 31, and above said diaphragm is arranged, within the lire-pot, a hollow or shell-like deflector or spreader 34, having arms 33, formed with hollows orair-passages which receive air from beneath the diaphragm through the said openings 3l and carry it upward into the central hollow of the shell. The upper face of the diaphragm is formed with bosses encircling the openings 31, as seen at 32, and these bosses 32 hold the lower ends of arms 33 against lateral movement on the diaphragm. The deflector or spreader 34 is formed in two halves or sections for convenience in construction, there being an upper half 36 and a lower half 37, the construction of the latter being shown in the detail view Fig. 5. These halves or sections have around their meeting edges overlapping iianges 38 to provide a tight joint between them, and the lower half or section is provided in its bottom and also in the upper parts of the arm portions thereof with perforations 35 for the downward discharge of air from within the defiector upon the flames and hot gases issuing from the upper end of the draft-tube.

For holding the deflector or spreader in place upon the diaphragm, with the hollows of its arms communicating with the openings 31 in IIO the diaphragm, We provide the upper half or section 36 with lugs 39 on the lower ends of its arm portions, screws or bolts 40 being passed through these lugs and through the diaphragm in a well-known way. By means of its hollow arms 33 the deiiector or spreader is supported above the open upper end of the draft-tube, so that the hot gases issuing from said draft-tube will be in the path of the jets of air discharged from the perforations 35.

In the operation of the device when fuel is supplied to the cup or receptacle 24 and lighted air for its combustion is drawn in through the annular passage beneath the lower end of the draft-tube, the flames and hot gases being carried up through said tube and discharged from the upper end thereof into the fire-pot 19. To keep the draft-tube from being burned out too quickly, it is kept cooled by the air drawn in through the perforations 23, and such air is mixed with the flames and hot gases within the tube to promote combustion the perforations 35 in the spreaderordefiector and are caused to be spread ont within the lirepot 19, so that the walls thereof become highly heated in order to permit of heating the air flowing up through the air-flue inside the shell 1 of the device. In this way also complete combustion of the fuel within the tirepot is effected, so that there is very little or no deposition of soot, and consequently the passages are not liable to become choked or clogged and do not require constant cleaning, as in the case of various other oil-burners. The odors "from the crude fuel-oil are also carried up within the fire-pot, so that they are not permitted to escape into the [lue 10. The overflow device is also of a construction to automatically draw offall surplus fuel y supplied by pipe after the fuel in the cup or receptacle 24 has reached its predetermined level, so that accidents resulting from overiowing of said cup or receptacle or extinguishing of the dame thereat are altogether avoided and the operation of the improved burner is made entirely safe and easy.

From the above description of our improvements it will be seen that the improved burner is of an extremely simple and inexpensive nature and is especially well adapted for use t in heaters, although not-at all limited in its use to such devices, and it will also be obvious from the above description that the device is capable of some modification without material departure from the principles and spirit of the invention, and for this reason we do not wish to be understood as limiting ourselves to the exact construction and arrangement of the several parts of the device herein set forth.

Having thus described our invention, what we claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a heater, the combination of two parts, one within and of less diameter than the other,

whereby an air-flue is formed between saidtwoparts for the circulation of air to be warmed, a diaphragm extended across the space inside the innermost part and forming a re-pot above it, said diaphragm having a central opening,aburnerbelow thediaphragm and provided with means for discharging products of combustion through the opening `in the diaphragm into the tire-pot above the p space inside the innermost part and forming a fire-pot above it said diaphragm having a central opening, a cup or receptacle below the diaphragm and provided with means for supplying fuel thereto, a draft-tube having its lower end arranged to receive products of combustion from said cup or receptacle and having its upper end adapted for coinmunication with the central opening of the diaphragm arranged to discharge such products of combustion into the fire-pot above said diaphragm and means within the fire-pot and adapted to discharge air against the products of combustion issuing from the upper end of the draft-tube to spread and diffuse such prodducts of combustion through the re-pot, substantially as set forth.

3. In a hydrocarbon-burner, the combination of afire-pot, adiaphragm extended across the bottom of the fire-pot and provided with an opening, a cup or receptacle arranged below the diaphragm and provided with means for supplying fuel thereto, a draft-tube having its lower end arranged to receive flames and gases from said cup or receptacle and having its upper end arranged to discharge into the fire-pot and a spreader in the tire-pot consisting of a hollow shell arranged above the mouth of the draft-tube and formed with a hollow arm adapted for communication with the opening in the diaphragm to receive air from beneath the same, said shell having perforations for the discharge of the air thus received downwardly upon the flames and gases issuing from the upper end of the draft-tube, substantially as set forth.

4L. In a hydrocarbon-burner, the combination of a fire-pot, a diaphragm extended across thebottom of the lire-pot and provided with an opening, a cup or receptacle arranged bel-ow the diaphragm and provided with means for supplying fuel thereto, a draft-tube having its lower end arranged to receive dames and hot gases from the cup or receptacle and having its upper end arranged to discharge into the irepot, and aspreaderin the ire-pot consisting of a hollow shell arranged above the mouth of the draft-tube and formed with a hollow arm adapted for communication with the opening in the diaphragm to receive air from beneath the same, said shellhavingperforations for the discharge of air thus received downwardly upon the dames and gases issuingfrom the upper end of the draft-tube and being formed in two sections having at their edges overlapping anges to provide a tight joint between them, substantially as set forth.

5. In a hydrocarbon-burner, the combination ofa lire-pot, a diaphragm extended across the bottom of the re-pot and provided with openings, a cup or receptacle below the diaphragm `and having means for supplying fuel thereto, a draft-tube the lower end of which is adapted to receive iiames and gases from IOO IIO

the cup or receptacle and the upper end of which discharges into the fire pot and a spreader in the lire-pot consisting of a hollow shell arranged above the mouth of the drafttube and formed with hollow arms adapted for communication with the openings in the diaphragm to receive air from beneath the same, said shell having perforations for the discharge of air thus received downwardly npon t-he llames and gases issuing from the upper end of the draft-tube and being formed in upper and lower halves, and screws for holding the arm portions of the upper half to the diaphragm, substantially as set forth.

6. In a heater, the combination of a part having at its front a door-plate provided with a bridge-piece and having doors at the upper and lower portions of said door-plate, said part also having a smoke-outlet and having a anged ring extended around its inner wall, a diaphragm rested on said ring and forminga fire-pot above it and having an extended front portion the front edge ot which is rested on the bridge-piece of the door-plate, a cnp or receptacle below the diaphragm and having means to supply fuel thereto and a drafttube the lower end of which is arranged to receive flames and gases from the cup or recep- 

